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471.
Post-war ownership consolidation and acquisition in the US newspaper industry has given rise to extensive market contact amid the remaining chains. This paper studies the impact of this industrial structure on local daily newspaper competition. It seeks to examine whether multimarket contact (MMC) between two newspaper chains can facilitate coordinating exclusive circulation areas for their respective newspapers in proximate circulation markets. Econometric results indicate a strong linkage between the MMC variable and reduced circulation competition for 218 papers in the midwest US. Advertising prices are found to be significantly higher with MMC newspapers. 相似文献
472.
Wayne H. Stewart Jr. JoAnn C. Carland James W. Carland Warren E. Watson & Robert Sweo 《Journal of Small Business Management》2003,41(1):27-46
We refine and extend the study of entrepreneurial dispositions by linking three classic hallmarks of the entrepreneur—achievement motivation, risk–taking propensity, and preference for innovation—to the goal orientations of United States and Russian entrepreneurs. The results suggest that entrepreneurial dispositions vary according to culture and the entrepreneur's primary goal for the venture. The results have important implications for theoretical development linking dispositions and entrepreneurial behavior in different settings and for entrepreneurial education and government policy. 相似文献
473.
Vertical alliances in beef are growing in importance. Alliances struggle with decisions on how to compensate members. Both conceptual development and empirical analysis are needed. A conceptual framework building on transaction cost and principal agent literature is developed and strategies for sharing feeding and packing margins are analyzed. Premiums for high-quality cattle increase revenues to the alliance. Margin and premium sharing interactions are investigated and guidelines are presented. Compensations that provide incentives for improving cattle quality help ensure the success of alliances as vertical coordination and quality control mechanisms. 相似文献
474.
How much do firms hedge with derivatives? 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
For 234 large non-financial corporations using derivatives, we report the magnitude of their risk exposure hedged by financial derivatives. If interest rates, currency exchange rates, and commodity prices change simultaneously by three standard deviations, the median firm's derivatives portfolio, at most, generates $15 million in cash and $31 million in value. These amounts are modest relative to firm size, and operating and investing cash flows, and other benchmarks. Corporate derivatives use appears to be a small piece of non-financial firms’ overall risk profile. This suggests a need to rethink past empirical research documenting the importance of firms’ derivative use. 相似文献
475.
Plugged In or Disconnected? A Model of the Effects of Technological Factors on Employee Job Embeddedness 下载免费PDF全文
Technology continues to play an ever‐increasing role in both our work and private lives. In parallel with this expanding reliance on technology has been a shift in how people now view their jobs. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical model that bridges these two areas—technology and employee attitudes (more specifically, work‐related feelings of embeddedness). Within our model, we consider aspects of common work‐related technologies and key perceptual variables related to technology, and how both areas can influence embeddedness in one's job. We conclude the article by providing examples of how specific technologies that are commonly found in today's work environment may influence job embeddedness perceptions, and we discuss the implications of the model on both theory and practice. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
476.
477.
Paul W. Gallagher Mark Dikeman John Fritz Eric Wailes Wayne Gauthier Hosein Shapouri 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,24(4):335-358
The components of social costsincluded in the supply analysis are cashoutlays and opportunity costs associated withharvest
and alternative residue uses, potentialenvironmental damage that is avoided byexcluding unsuitable land, and costs in movingresidues
from farms to processing plants. Regional estimates account for the growingconditions and crops of the main agriculturalareas
of the United States. Estimates includethe main U.S. field crops with potential forresidue harvest: corn, wheat, sorghum,
oats,barley, rice and cane sugar. The potentialcontribution of residues to U.S. energy needsis discussed. 相似文献
478.
Andreas Lehnert Wayne Passmore Shane M. Sherlund 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2008,36(3):343-363
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) that securitize mortgages and issue mortgage-backed
securities (MBS). In addition, the GSEs are active participants in the secondary mortgage market on behalf of their own investment
portfolios. Because these portfolios have grown quite large, portfolio purchases (in addition to MBS issuance) are often thought
to be an important force in the mortgage market. Using monthly data from 1993 to 2005 we estimate a VAR model of the relationship
between GSE secondary market activities and mortgage interest rate spreads. We find that GSE portfolio purchases have no significant
effects on either primary or secondary mortgage rate spreads. Further, we examine GSE activities and mortgage rate spreads
in the wake of the 1998 debt crisis, and find that GSE portfolio purchases did little to affect mortgage rates. This empirical
finding is robust to alternative identification assumptions and to alternative model and variable specifications.
相似文献
479.
Peter Fiechter Wayne R. Landsman Kenneth Peasnell Annelies Renders 《Review of Accounting Studies》2017,22(4):1698-1731
Amendment of IAS 39 by the IASB in 2008 provided an option to reclassify investments from fair value to historical cost. We predict that too-important-to-fail (TITF) banks took less advantage of this option because the political protection they enjoyed insulated them from regulatory pressure. Banks that did not enjoy this protection had greater reason to make use of this option since doing so would protect their Tier 1 capital. As predicted, findings reveal that TITF banks made less use of the reclassification option to protect their Tier 1 capital and there is a significant moderating influence of TITF status on the incentive to reclassify investments for banks with lower regulatory capital. This finding is consistent with TITF banks placing less weight on protecting regulatory capital and thereby retaining flexibility to sell assets. Our findings provide evidence that accounting choices are affected by the importance of banks to their economies. 相似文献
480.
Wayne Grossman 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2010,22(1):45-64
This study examines the effects of corporate governance and diversification strategy on organizational employment stability.
Calls for reform in the governance of public corporations have led to the adoption of practices that render senior executives
more accountable to shareholders. However, the extant corporate governance literature suggests that mechanisms which make
managers more accountable to shareholders might introduce a short-term bias to top managers’ decision-making. Arguing that
employment stability reflects a long-term decision-making orientation, results of this study show that firms with boards comprised
of a greater proportion of independent, or “outside,” directors have lower levels of aggregate employment stability. In contrast,
findings indicate that more diversified firms tend to have higher levels of aggregate employment stability. 相似文献